Claims have, afaik, no mechanics background. The person in charge of appointing a Lord should (in theory) consider them when appointing a Lord, though.
In Fissoa, for instance, the Duke can appoint any noble a Lordship within the duchy, and the Regent appoints Lords in imperial regions.
I understand the traditional system quite well, and claims do have a game mechanic affect: the ruler can appoint people without meeting them in the region.
I'm interested in the effect claims have on lordship
elections. And more broadly, what options the ruler has when allowing lordship elections (if there are any.)