Which 1500s European religion did this? 
You mean Christianity, Islam, and Judaism? If we're limiting it to major European religions in the year 1500, then those are your three options.
Or, you can roll it back a bit to the days when Christianity was still duking it out with the various pre-Christian cultures, and the Christianization of Scandinavia didn't finish until well into the middle ages. And the Nordic religion had several deities that the power of was acknowledged and respected but not worshiped by the entire population.
