Actually, no, I don't think so.
Well, partly. Honor, yes. I whole bunch of random things will yield honor. Though I think you also need enough honor before you can even become a courtier to begin with, another problem I've had with said character.
But I don't think that courtier work will ever yield prestige.
Actually, yes, it can. It even uses the same code to do so as most of the other non-combat prestige gains.