Since a primary ingredient is gasoline or something similar, no.
Actually naphtha was pretty common in medieval times when it came to warfare. Especially in the Eastern Roman/Byzantine Empire, where they used "greek fire" as a primitive fire grenade (effectively a molotov cocktail, except probably stickier). During the Song Dynasty of China (960-1279AD), black powder was actually packed into metal containers, marking the beginning of the modern hand grenade.
So they might not be the industrial weapons that we have today, but they did exist and were used in the medieval time-period. The technology was there and easy to make.
